I take refuge with Allaah from the accursed devil. بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ Bismillah-ir-Rahman-ir-Raheem: In the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful. Welcome to my blog and praise the Magnificent Lord as you enter: Allahu Akbar: Allah is the Greatest . May the Peace and Blessing of Allah Azza wa Jal, our Lord Glorified and Praised be He, be upon our beloved Prophet, his Family, and Companions. Allah, Glorified and Praised, commands Musa (Moses) and Harun (Aaron), peace be upon them, to go to the Firawn (Phaorah). وَهَلْ أَتَاكَ حَدِيثُ مُوسَى (9. And has there come to you the story of Musa) إِذْ رَأَى نَاراً فَقَالَ لاًّهْلِهِ امْكُثُواْ إِنِّى ءَانَسْتُ نَاراً لَّعَلِّى آتِيكُمْ مِّنْهَا بِقَبَسٍ أَوْ أَجِدُ عَلَى النَّارِ هُدًى (10. When he saw a fire, he said to his family: “Wait! Verily, I have seen a fire; perhaps I can bring you some burning brand therefrom, or find some guidance at the fire.”) Surah 20 Ta Ha Verse 9-10 Tafsir Ibn Kathir From this point, Allah begins to mention the story of Musa, how revelation began to come to Him, and Allah’s speaking directly to him. This occurred after Musa had completed the time agreed upon between he and his father-in-law that he would herd sheep. He was traveling with his family, and it has been said that he was headed for the land of Egypt, after having been away from it for more than ten years. He had his wife with him and he became lost on the way during a cold, wintery night. Therefore, he settled down, making a camp between some mountain passes and mountains that were covered with snow, sleet, dense clouds, darkness and fog. He began to try to make a fire with a kindling device he had with him, in order to produce some light, as was customary. However, it would not kindle anything and it even stopped giving off sparks. While he was in this condition, he saw a fire from the side of the mountain. It appeared to him to be a fire glowing from the right side of the mountain from where he was. He then announced the good news to his family saying, (Verily, I have seen a fire; perhaps I can bring you some burning brand) This means a flame from a fire. In another Ayah he said, (or a burning firebrand.) [28:29]) This is a coal that has a burning flame. (that you may warm yourselves. ) [28:29] This proves that it was in fact cold weather at that time. Concerning his statement, (some burning brand) This proves that it was dark. In reference to his statement, (or find some guidance at the fire.) This means someone who can guide me to the road. This proves that he lost the road. This is as Ath-Thawri reported from Abu Sa`id Al-A`war, from `Ikrimah, from Ibn `Abbas that he said concerning Allah’s statement, (or find some guidance at the fire.) “This means someone who will guide me to the road. They were cold and had lost their way. Then, when he (Musa) saw the fire he said, `Either I will find someone who can guide us to the road, or at least I can bring you all some fire that you can kindle with.’ ” فَلَمَّآ أَتَاهَا نُودِىَ يمُوسَى (11. And when he came to it (the fire), he was called by name: “O Musa!”) إِنِّى أَنَاْ رَبُّكَ فَاخْلَعْ نَعْلَيْكَ إِنَّكَ بِالْوَادِ الْمُقَدَّسِ طُوًى (12. “Verily, I am your Lord! So take off your shoes; you are in the sacred valley, Tuwa.”) وَأَنَا اخْتَرْتُكَ فَاسْتَمِعْ لِمَا يُوحَى (13. “And I have chosen you. So listen to that which will be revealed (to you)”) إِنَّنِى أَنَا اللَّهُ لا إِلَـهَ إِلا أَنَاْ فَاعْبُدْنِى وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَوةَ لِذِكْرِى (14. “Verily, I am Allah! There is no God but Me, so worship Me, and perform Salah for My remembrance.”) إِنَّ السَّاعَةَ ءَاتِيَةٌ أَكَادُ أُخْفِيهَا لِتُجْزَى كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا تَسْعَى (15. “Verily, the Hour is coming — and I am almost hiding it — that every person may be rewarded for that which he strives.”) فَلاَ يَصُدَّنَّكَ عَنْهَا مَن لاَّ يُؤْمِنُ بِهَا وَاتَّبَعَ هَوَاهُ فَتَرْدَى (16. “Therefore, let not the one who believes not therein, but follows his own lusts, divert you therefrom, lest you perish.”) Surah 20 Ta Ha Verse 11-16 Tafsir Ibn Kathir Allah, the Exalted, says, And when he came to it,) This is referring to the fire when he approached it. (He was called by name: “O Musa!”) In another Ayah it says, (He was called from the right side of the valley, in the blessed place, from the tree: “O Musa! Verily, I am Allah.”)[28:30] However, here Allah says, (Verily, I am your Lord!) meaning, `the One Who is talking to you and addressing you,’ (So take off your shoes;) `Ali bin Abi Talib, Abu Dharr, Abu Ayyub and others of the Salaf said, “They (his sandals) were from the skin of a donkey that was not slaughtered.” It has also been said that he was only commanded to remove his sandals due to respect for the blessed spot. Concerning Allah’s statement, (Tuwa) `Ali bin Abi Talhah said that Ibn `Abbas said, “It is the name of the valley.” Others have said the same. This is merely mentioned as something to give more explanation to the story. It has also been said that it is a figure of speech, which comes from the command to place his feet down. It has also been said that it means `doubly sacred’ and that Tuwa is something that has repetitious blessings. However, the first opinion is most correct. It is similar to Allah’s statement, (When his Lord called him in the sacred valley of Tuwa.) [79:16] Allah’s statement, (And I have chosen you.) is similar to His statement, (I have chosen you above men by My Messages, and by My speaking (to you).) [7:144] This means over all human beings of that time. It has also been said that Allah said, “O Musa, do you know why I chose to speak to you directly out of all of the people” Musa said, “No.” Allah then said, “Because I have not made anyone humble himself as much as you have humbled yourself. ” Concerning Allah’s statement, (So listen to that which will be revealed.) “Now listen to what I say to you and what I reveal to you.” (Verily, I am Allah! There is no God but Me,) This is the first obligation upon all responsible people of age, that they know that there is no God worthy of worship except Allah alone, Who has no partners. Concerning Allah’s statement, (so worship Me,) This means, “Single Me out alone for worship, and establish My worship without associating anything with Me.” (and perform Salah for My remembrance.) It has been said that this means, “Pray in order to remember Me.” It has also been said that it means, “And establish the prayer whenever you remember Me.” There is a supporting evidence for this second statement in a Hadith recorded by Imam Ahmad from Anas, who said that the Messenger of Allah said, (Whenever one of you sleeps past the prayer, or he forgets to pray, then let him pray when he remembers it. For verily, Allah said, (And perform Salah for My remembrance.)) In the Two Sahihs it is reported from Anas that the Messenger of Allah said, (Whoever slept past the prayer, or forgot it, then his expiation is that he prays it when he remembers it. There is no expiation for it other than that.) Concerning Allah’s statement, (Verily, the Hour is coming) This means that it is established and there is no avoiding it. It will be and it is inevitable. Concerning Allah’s statement, (I am almost hiding it) Ad-Dahhak related from Ibn `Abbas that he used to recite it as, “I almost kept it hidden — from myself.” Ibn `Abbas then would say, “Because nothing is ever hidden from Allah’s Self.” `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn `Abbas that he said, (I am almost hiding it.) “This means that no one knows its appointed time except Me (Allah).” Allah also said, (Heavy is its burden through the heavens and the earth. It shall not come upon you except all of a sudden.) [7:187] This means that its knowledge weighs heavily upon the dwellers of the heavens and the earth. Concerning Allah’s statement, (that every person may be rewarded for that which he strives.) “I will establish it and it is inevitable. I will certainly reward every person who does something, according to what he did.” (So whosoever does good equal to the weight of an atom shall see it. And whosoever does evil equal to the weight of an atom shall see it.) [99:7-8] (You are only being requited for what you used to do.) [52:16] Allah said, (Therefore, let not divert you the one who believes not therein,) The address here is directed towards all individuals who are responsible (and capable of taking heed to this message). This means, “Do not follow the way of the person who does not believe in the Hour (Day of Judgement) and he only pursues his desires in this worldly life. He disobeys his Lord and only follows his desires. Whoever behaves like these people, then verily he has failed and lost. (lest you perish.) This means that you will be destroyed and ruined. (And what will his wealth avail him when he goes down (in destruction)) [92:11] وَمَا تِلْكَ بِيَمِينِكَ يمُوسَى (17. “And what is that in your right hand, O Musa”) قَالَ هِىَ عَصَاىَ أَتَوَكَّؤُا عَلَيْهَا وَأَهُشُّ بِهَا عَلَى غَنَمِى وَلِىَ فِيهَا مَأَرِبُ أُخْرَى (18. He said: “This is my stick, whereon I lean, and wherewith I beat down branches for my sheep, and wherein I find other uses.”) قَالَ أَلْقِهَا يمُوسَى (19. (Allah) said: “Cast it down, O Musa!”) فَأَلْقَـهَا فَإِذَا هِىَ حَيَّةٌ تَسْعَى (20. He cast it down, and behold! It was a snake, moving quickly. ) قَالَ خُذْهَا وَلاَ تَخَفْ سَنُعِيدُهَا سِيَرتَهَا الاٍّولَى (21. Allah said: “Grasp it and fear not; We shall return it to its former state.”) Surah 20 Ta Ha Verse 17-21 Tafsir Ibn Kathir This was a proof from Allah for Musa and a great miracle. This was something that broke through the boundaries of what is considered normal, thus, it was a brilliant evidence that none but Allah could do. It was also a proof that no one could come with the likes of this (from mankind) except a Prophet who was sent (by Allah). Concerning Allah’s statement, (And what is that in your right hand, O Musa) Some of the scholars of Tafsir have said, “He (Allah) only said this to him in order to draw his attention to it.” It has also been said, “He only said this to him in order to affirm for him what was in his hand. In other words, that which is in your right hand is a stick that you are familiar with. You will see what We are about to do to it now.” (And what is that in your right hand, O Musa) This is an interrogative phrase for the purpose of affirmation. (He said: “This is my stick, whereon I lean…”) I lean on it while I am walking. (and wherewith I beat down branches for my sheep,) This means, `I use it to shake the branches of trees so that the leaves will fall for my sheep to eat them. ‘ `Abdur-Rahman bin Al-Qasim reported from Imam Malik that he said, “[It is] when a man places his staff into a branch and shakes it so that its leaves and fruit will fall without breaking the stick. It is not the same as striking or beating.” Maymun bin Mahran also said the same. Concerning his statement, (and wherein I find other uses.) This means other benefits, services and needs besides this. Some of the scholars took upon themselves the burden of mentioning many of these obscure uses. Concerning Allah’s statement, ((Allah) said: “Cast it down, O Musa!”) “Throw down this stick that is in your right hand, O Musa.” (He cast it down, and behold! It was a snake, moving quickly.) This means that the stick changed into a huge snake, like a long python, and it moved with rapid movements. It moved as if it were the fastest type of small snake. Yet, it was in the form of the largest snake, while still having the fastest of movements. (moving quickly.) moving restlessly. Concerning Allah’s statement, (We shall return it to its former state. ) the form that it was in, as you recognized it before. وَاضْمُمْ يَدَكَ إِلَى جَنَاحِكَ تَخْرُجْ بَيْضَآءَ مِنْ غَيْرِ سُوءٍ ءَايَةً أُخْرَى (22. “And press your (right) hand to your (left) side: it will come forth white (and shining), without any disease as another sign,”) لِنُرِيَكَ مِنْ ءَايَـتِنَا الْكُبْرَى (23. “That We may show you (some) of Our greater signs.”) اذْهَبْ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُ طَغَى (24. “Go to Fir`awn! Verily, he has transgressed.”) قَالَ رَبِّ اشْرَحْ لِى صَدْرِى (25. He said: “O my Lord! Open for me my chest.”) وَيَسِّرْ لِى أَمْرِى (26. “And ease my task for me;”) وَاحْلُلْ عُقْدَةً مِّن لِّسَانِى (27. “And loosen the knot from my tongue,”) يَفْقَهُواْ قَوْلِي (28. “That they understand my speech.”) وَاجْعَل لِّى وَزِيراً مِّنْ أَهْلِى (29. “And appoint for me a helper from my family,”) هَـرُونَ أَخِى (30. “Harun, my brother.”) اشْدُدْ بِهِ أَزْرِى (31. “Increase my strength with him,”) وَأَشْرِكْهُ فِى أَمْرِى (32. “And let him share my task,”) كَىْ نُسَبِّحَكَ كَثِيراً (33. “That we may glorify You much,”) وَنَذْكُرَكَ كَثِيراً (34. “And remember You much,”) إِنَّكَ كُنتَ بِنَا بَصِيراً (35. “Verily, You are ever seeing us.”) Surah 20 Ta Ha Verse 22-35 Tafsir Ibn Kathir This is the second sign of Musa. That is Allah has commanded him to place his hand into the opening of his garment, as is clearly stated in another Ayah. It mentioned here merely as a passing reference, saying: (And press your hand to your side:) Allah said in another Ayah, (And draw your hand close to your side to be free from fear. These are two signs from your Lord to Fir`awn and his chiefs.) [28:32] Mujahid said, (And press your hand to your side:) “This means put your palm under your upper arm.” When Musa put his hand into the opening of his garment and brought it out, it came out shining as if it were a half moon. Concerning His statement, (it will come forth white, without any disease) This means without any leprosy, ailment, or disfigurement. This was stated by Ibn `Abbas, Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Qatadah, Ad-Dahhak, As-Suddi and others. Al-Hasan Al-Basri said, “He brought it out, and by Allah, it was as if it were a lamp. From this Musa knew that he had surely met his Lord, the Mighty and Sublime.” This is why Allah says, (That We may show you (some) of Our greater signs.) (Go to Fir`awn! Verily, he has transgressed.) This means, “Go to Fir`awn, the king of Egypt, whom you left Egypt fleeing from, and invite him to the worship of Allah alone, Who has no partners. Command him to treat the Children of Israel well and to not torment them. For verily, he has transgressed, oppressed, preferred the worldly life and forgotten the Most High Lord.” ((Musa) said: “O my Lord! Open for me my chest, and ease my task for me.”) Musa requsted his Lord to expand his chest for his mission. For verily, He was commanding him with a great task and a weighty affair. He was sending him to the mightiest king on the face of the earth at that time. He was the most arrogant and severe of all people in his disbelief, and He had the largest army and the most powerful kingdom. He was the most tyrannical and the most obstinate of rulers. His case was such that he claimed not to know Allah at all, and that he knew of no god for his subjects other than himself. Along with this, Musa lived in his home for a period of time as a child. He stayed in Fir`awn’s own room and slept on his bed. Then, after this, he killed one of their people and feared that they would retaliate by killing him in return. Thus, he fled from them and remained an outlaw during this entire time. Then, after all of this, His Lord sent him to them as a warner calling them to worship Allah alone, without associating partners with Him. This is why he said, (O my Lord! Open for me my chest, and ease my task for me.) This means, “I cannot perform this task if You do not help me, aid me and support me.” (And loosen the knot from my tongue, that they understand my speech.) This is referring to the lisp that he had. This lisp was a result of an incident when he was presented a date and a hot coal stone and he placed the coal on his tongue instead of the date. A detailed explanation of this story is forthcoming in the following chapters. However, he did not ask Allah to remove this affliction all together. Rather, he asked for removal of his stammering so the people would understand what he intended in his speech. He was only asking for what was necessary to deliver his message. If he had asked for the removal of his affliction in its entirety, it would have been cured for him. However, the Prophets do not ask for any more than what is required. Therefore, he was left with the remnants of this accident that took place with his tongue. Allah informed of what Fir`awn said concerning him, (Am I not better than this one who is despicable and can scarcely express himself clearly)[43:52] This means that he is not eloquent in speech. Concerning Allah’s statement, (And appoint for me a helper from my family, Harun, my brother.) This was also a request from Musa concerning something not pertaining to himself. That was his request for the assistance of his brother, Harun. Ath-Thawri reported from Abu Sa`id, from `Ikrimah, who said that Ibn `Abbas said, “Harun was made a Prophet at the same moment that Musa was made a Prophet.” Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that `A’ishah went out intending to perform `Umrah and stopped to camp among some bedouins. While she was among them she heard a man say, “Which brother in this life was the most beneficial to his brother” The people said, “We do not know.” The man said, “By Allah, I know.” `A’ishah said, “I said to myself about his swearing, that he should not swear such an oath, singling himself out as knowing what person was of most benefit to his brother.” The man said, “It is Musa, when he asked for prophethood to be bestowed upon his brother.” Then `A’ishah said, “By Allah, he has spoken truthfully.” This is why Allah commended Musa by saying, (And he was honorable before Allah.)[33:69] Concerning Musa’s statement, (Increase my strength with him.) Mujahid said, “This means to make my back strong.” (And let him share my task.) make him my consultant in this matter. (That we may glorify You much, and remember You much.) Mujahid said, “A servant of Allah is not considered of those who remember Allah much until he remembers Allah while standing, sitting and lying down.” Concerning his statement, (Verily, You are ever seeing us.) This means in Your choosing us, giving us the prophethood and sending us to Your enemy, Fir`awn. So unto You is all praise for this. قَالَ قَدْ أُوتِيتَ سُؤْلَكَ يمُوسَى (36. (Allah) said: “You are granted your request, O Musa!”) وَلَقَدْ مَنَنَّا عَلَيْكَ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى (37. “And indeed We conferred a favor on you another time (before).”) إِذْ أَوْحَيْنَآ إِلَى أُمِّكَ مَا يُوحَى (38. “When We inspired your mother with that which We inspired.”) أَنِ اقْذِفِيهِ فِى التَّابُوتِ فَاقْذِفِيهِ فِى الْيَمِّ فَلْيُلْقِهِ الْيَمُّ بِالسَّاحِلِ يَأْخُذْهُ عَدُوٌّ لِّى وَعَدُوٌّ لَّهُ وَأَلْقَيْتُ عَلَيْكَ مَحَبَّةً مِّنِّى وَلِتُصْنَعَ عَلَى عَيْنِى (39. “Saying: `Put him (the child) into the Tabut and put it into the river; then the river shall cast it up on the bank, and there, an enemy of Mine and an enemy of his shall take him.’ And I endued you with love from Me, in order that you may be brought up under My Eye.”) إِذْ تَمْشِى أُخْتُكَ فَتَقُولُ هَلْ أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَى مَن يَكْفُلُهُ فَرَجَعْنَـكَ إِلَى أُمِّكَ كَى تَقَرَّ عَيْنُها وَلاَ تَحْزَنَ وَقَتَلْتَ نَفْساً فَنَجَّيْنَـكَ مِنَ الْغَمِّ وَفَتَنَّـكَ فُتُوناً (40. “When your sister went and said: `Shall I show you one who will nurse him’ So We restored you to your mother, that she might cool her eyes and she should not grieve. Then you did kill a man, but We saved you from great distress and tried you with a heavy trial.”) Surah 20 Ta Ha Verse 36-40 Tafsir Ibn Kathir This is a response from Allah to His Messenger, Musa, for what he requested from His Lord. It also contains a reminder of Allah’s previous favors upon him. The first was inspiring his mother when she was breastfeeding him and she feared that Fir`awn and his chiefs would kill him. Musa was born during a year in which they (Fir`awn’s people) were killing all of the male children. So she placed him in a case and cast him into the river. The river carried him away and she became grieved and distressed, as Allah mentioned about her when He said, (And the heart of the mother of Musa became empty. She was very near to disclose his (case) had We not strengthened her heart.) [28:10] So the river carried him to the home of Fir`awn. (Then the people of Fir`awn picked him up, that he might become for them an enemy and a (cause of ) grief.) [28:8] Means that this was a destined matter, decreed by Allah. They were killing the male children of the Israelites for fear of Musa’s arrival. Therefore, with Allah having the great authority and the most perfect power, He determined that Musa would not be raised except upon Fir`awn’s own bed. He would be sustained by Fir`awn’s food and drink, while receiving the love of Fir`awn and his wife. This is why Allah said, (and there, an enemy of Mine and an enemy of his shall take him. And I endued you with love from Me,) This means that I made your enemy love you. Salamah bin Kuhayl said, (And I endued you with love from Me,) “This means, `I made My creatures love you.’ ” (in order that you may be brought up under My Eye.) Abu `Imran Al-Jawni said, “This means, `You will be raised under Allah’s Eye.’ ” Concerning Allah’s statement, (When your sister went and said: `Shall I show you one who will nurse him’ So We restored you to your mother, that she might cool her eyes) When he was accepted into the house of Fir`awn, women were brought in attempts to find someone who might be able to nurse him. But he refused to breast feed from any of them. Allah, the Exalted, says, (And We had already forbidden (other) foster suckling mothers for him) [28:12] Then, his sister came and said, (Shall I direct you to a household who will rear him for you, and look after him in a good manner) [28:12] She meant, “Shall I guide you to someone who can nurse him for you for a fee” So she took him and they went with her to his real mother. When her breast was presented to him, he took it and they (Fir`awn’s family) were extremely happy for this. Thus, they hired her to nurse him and she achieved great happiness and comfort because of him, in this life and even more so in the Hereafter. Allah, the Exalted, says here, (So We restored you to your mother, that she might cool her eyes and she should not grieve.) This means that she should not grieve over you. (Then you killed man,) This means that he killed a Coptic person (the people of Egypt, Fir`awn’s people). (but We saved you from great distress) This is what he was feeling due to Fir`awn’s family intending to kill him. So he fled from them until he came to the water of the people of Madyan. This is when the righteous man said to him, (Fear you not. You have escaped from the people who are wrongdoers.) [28:25] إِذْ تَمْشِى أُخْتُكَ فَتَقُولُ هَلْ أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَى مَن يَكْفُلُهُ فَرَجَعْنَـكَ إِلَى أُمِّكَ كَى تَقَرَّ عَيْنُها وَلاَ تَحْزَنَ وَقَتَلْتَ نَفْساً فَنَجَّيْنَـكَ مِنَ الْغَمِّ وَفَتَنَّـكَ فُتُوناً فَلَبِثْتَ سِنِينَ فِى أَهْلِ مَدْيَنَ ثُمَّ جِئْتَ عَلَى قَدَرٍ يمُوسَى (40. Then you stayed a number of years with the people of Madyan. Then you came here according to the fixed term which I ordained (for you), O Musa!) وَاصْطَنَعْتُكَ لِنَفْسِى (41. And I have chosen you for Myself.) اذْهَبْ أَنتَ وَأَخُوكَ بِـَايَـتِى وَلاَ تَنِيَا فِى ذِكْرِى (42. Go you and your brother with My Ayat, and do not, you both, slacken and become weak in My remembrance.) اذْهَبَآ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ إِنَّهُ طَغَى (43. Go both of you to Fir`awn, verily, he has transgressed.) فَقُولاَ لَهُ قَوْلاً لَّيِّناً لَّعَلَّهُ يَتَذَكَّرُ أَوْ يَخْشَى (44. And speak to him mildly, perhaps he may accept admonition or fear (Allah).) Surah 20 Taha Verse 40-44 Tafsir Ibn Kathir Allah, the Exalted, says in His address to Musa that he had lived among the people of Madyan, avoiding Fir`awn and his chiefs. He worked as a shepherd for his father-in-law until the appointed time for his work ended. Then he met the decree of Allah and His predetermined will, without him having any set appointment. This entire situation was under the control of Allah, Blessed be He, the Most High. He compels His servants and His creatures to whatever end He wills. This is why Allah says, (Then You came here according to the fixed term which I ordained (for you), O Musa!) Mujahid said, “For a set appointment.” `Abdur-Razzaq recorded that Ma`mar reported from Qatadah that he said, (Then You came here according to the fixed term which I ordained (for you), O Musa!) “For the decree of messengership and prophethood.” Concerning Allah’s statement, (And I have chosen you for Myself.) This means, “I have chosen you and selected you to be a Messenger for Myself. This is as I wish and according to My will.” Concerning the Tafsir of this Ayah, Al-Bukhari recorded that Abu Hurayrah said that the Messenger of Allah said, Adam and Musa met, and Musa said, “You are the one who made things difficult for mankind and you caused them to be evicted from Paradise.” Adam said, “Are you the one whom Allah chose for His Message, and He selected you for Himself and He revealed the Tawrah to you” Musa replied, “Yes.” Then Adam said, “Did you find that it was preordained upon me before He (Allah) created me” Musa replied, “Yes.” Therefore, Adam defeated Musa’s argument.) Both Al-Bukhari and Muslim recorded this narration. Concerning Allah’s statement, (Go you and your brother with My Ayat,) This means with My proofs, evidences and miracles. (And do not, you both, slacken and become weak in My remembrance.) `Ali bin Abi Talhah related from Ibn `Abbas that he said, “This means do not be slow.” Mujahid reported that Ibn `Abbas said, “This means do not be weak.” The meaning here is that they should not slacken in the remembrance of Allah. Rather, they both should remember Allah during their meeting with Fir`awn so that the remembrance of Allah can be an aid for them against him. The remembrance of Allah would be their strength and their power that would defeat him. Allah’s statement; (Go both of you to Fir`awn, Verily, he has transgressed.) means that he has rebelled and become haughty and insolent against Allah and he has disobeyed Him. (And speak to him mildly, perhaps he may accept admonition or fear (Allah).) This Ayah contains a great lesson. Even though Fir`awn was the most insolent and arrogant of people and Musa was the friend of Allah among His creation at that time, Musa was still commanded to speak to Fir`awn with mildness and softness. Therefore, their invitation to him was with gentle, soft and easy speech that is used by one who is a close friend. This is so that the message may have more effect on the souls, and so it would have deeper and more beneficial results. This is as Allah, the Exalted, says, (Invite (mankind) to the way of your Lord with wisdom and fair preaching, and argue with them in a way that is better.) [16:125] Concerning Allah’s statement, (perhaps he may accept admonition or fear (Allah). ) This means that perhaps he will recant from that which he is in of misguidance and destruction, (or he will fear) meaning that he will become obedient due to fear of Allah. This is as Allah says, (For such who desires to remember or desires to show his gratitude.) [25:62] Thus, to remember means to recant from that which is dangerous, and fear means to attain obedience.

I take refuge with Allaah from the accursed devil.  
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـنِ الرَّحِيمِ
  Bismillah-ir-Rahman-ir-Raheem: In the name of Allah, the Compassionate, the Merciful. 
 Welcome to my blog and praise the Magnificent Lord as you enter: Allahu Akbar: Allah is the Greatest .
  May the Peace and Blessing of Allah Azza wa Jal, our Lord Glorified and Praised be He, be upon our beloved Prophet, his Family, and Companions.
Allah, Glorified and Praised, speaks to Prophet Musa (Moses), Alaihi Salaam.
فَلَمَّا قَضَى مُوسَى الاٌّجَلَ وَسَارَ بِأَهْلِهِ ءَانَسَ مِن جَانِبِ الطُّورِ نَاراً قَالَ لاًّهْلِهِ امْكُثُواْ إِنِّى ءَانَسْتُ نَاراً لَّعَلِّى ءَاتِيكُمْ مِّنْهَا بِخَبَرٍ أَوْ جَذْوَةٍ مِّنَ النَّارِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَصْطَلُونَ
(29. Then, when Musa had fulfilled the term, and was traveling with his family, he saw a fire in the direction of At-Tur. He said to his family: “Wait, I have seen a fire; perhaps I may bring to you from there some information, or a burning firebrand that you may warm yourselves.”)
فَلَمَّآ أَتَـهَا نُودِىَ مِن شَاطِىءِ الْوَادِى الأَيْمَنِ فِى الْبُقْعَةِ الْمُبَارَكَةِ مِنَ الشَّجَرَةِ أَن يمُوسَى إِنِّى أَنَا اللَّهُ رَبُّ الْعَـلَمِينَ
(30. So when he reached it, he was called from the right side of the valley, in the blessed place, from the tree: “O Musa! Verily, I am Allah, the Lord of all that exists!”)
 وَأَنْ أَلْقِ عَصَاكَ فَلَمَّا رَءَاهَا تَهْتَزُّ كَأَنَّهَا جَآنٌّ وَلَّى مُدْبِراً وَلَمْ يُعَقِّبْ يمُوسَى أَقْبِلْ وَلاَ تَخَفْ إِنَّكَ مِنَ الاٌّمِنِينَ
(31. “And throw your stick!” But when he saw it moving as if it were a snake, he turned in flight, and looked not back. (It was said:) “O Musa! Draw near, and fear not. Verily, you are of those who are secure.”)
اسْلُكْ يَدَكَ فِى جَيْبِكَ تَخْرُجْ بَيْضَآءَ مِنْ غَيْرِ سُوءٍ وَاضْمُمْ إِلَيْكَ جَنَاحَكَ مِنَ الرَّهْبِ فَذَانِكَ بُرْهَانَـنِ مِن رَّبِّكَ إِلَى فِرْعَوْنَ وَمَلَئِهِ إِنَّهُمْ كَانُواْ قَوْماً فَاسِقِينَ
(32. “Put your hand into the opening of your garment, it will come forth white without a disease; and draw your hand close to your side to be free from the fear. These are two proofs from your Lord to Fir`awn and his chiefs. Verily, they are the people who are rebellious.”)
Surah 28 Al Qasas Verse 29-32
Tafsir Ibn Kathir
In the explanation of the previous Ayah, we have already seen that Musa completed the longer and better of the two terms, which may also be understood from the Ayah where Allah says:
(Then, when Musa had fulfilled the term,) meaning, the longer of the two; and Allah knows best.
(and was traveling with his family,) They said: “Musa missed his country and his relatives, so he resolved to visit them in secret, without Fir`awn and his people knowing. So he gathered up his family and the flocks which his father-in-law had given to him, and set out on a cold, dark, rainy night. They stopped to camp, and whenever he tried to start a fire, he did not succeed. He was surprised by this, and while he was in this state,
(he saw a fire in the direction of At-Tur) he saw a fire burning from a far.
(He said to his family: “Wait, I have seen a fire…”) meaning, `wait while I go there, ‘
(perhaps I may bring to you from there some information,) This was because they lost their way.
(or a burning firebrand that you may warm yourselves.) so that they could get warm and find relief from the cold.
(So when he reached it (the fire), he was called from the right side of the valley,) From the side of the valley that adjoined the mountain on his right, to the west. This is like the Ayah,
(And you were not on the western side, when We made clear to Musa the commandment) (20:44). This indicates that when Musa headed for the fire, he headed in the direction of the Qiblah with the western mountain on his right. He found the fire burning in a green bush on the side of the mountain adjoining the valley, and he stood there amazed at what he was seeing. Then his Lord called him:
(from the right side of the valley, in the blessed place, from the tree.)
(O Musa! Verily, I am Allah, the Lord of all that exists!) meaning, `the One Who is addressing you and speaking to you is the Lord of all that exists, the One Who does what He wills, the One apart from Whom there is no other god or lord, may He be exalted and sanctified, the One Who by His very nature, attributes, words and deeds is far above any resemblance to His creation, may He be glorified.
(And throw your stick!) `the stick that is in your hand’ — as was stated in the Ayah,
(“And what is that in your right hand, O Musa” He said: “This is my stick, whereon I lean, and wherewith I beat down branches for my sheep, and wherein I find other uses.”) (20:17-18). The meaning is: `this stick, which you know so well;’
(“Cast it down, O Musa!” He cast it down, and behold! It was a snake, moving quickly.) (20:19-20). Musa knew that the One Who was speaking to him was the One Who merely says to a thing, “Be!” and it is, as we have already stated in (the explanation of) Surah Ta Ha. And here Allah says:
(But when he saw it moving as if it were a snake, he turned in flight,) It moved so quickly, even though it was so big, and its mouth was so huge, with its jaws snapping. It swallowed every rock it passed, and every rock that fell into its mouth fell with a sound like a rock falling into a valley. When he saw that:
(he turned in flight, and looked not back.) he did not turn around, because it is human nature to flee from such a thing. But when Allah said to him:
(O Musa! Draw near, and fear not. Verily, you are of those who are secure.) he came back to his original position. Then Allah said:
(Put your hand into the opening of your garment, it will come forth white without a disease;) meaning, `when you put your hand in your garment and then draw it out, it will be shining white as if it were a piece of the moon or a flash of lightning.’ Allah said:
(without a disease) i.e., with no trace of leukoderma.
(and draw your hand close to your side to be free from the fear.) Mujahid said, “To be free from terror.” Qatadah said, “To be free from fear.” Musa was commanded, when he felt afraid of anything, to draw his hand close to his side to be free from the fear. If he did that, whatever fear he felt would be gone. Perhaps if a person does this, following the example of Musa, and puts his hand over his heart, his fear will disappear or be lessened, if Allah wills; in Allah we place our trust.
(These are two proofs from your Lord) This refers to the throwing down of his stick, whereupon it turned into a moving snake, and his putting his hand into his garment and bringing it forth white without a disease. These were two clear and definitive proofs of the power of the One Who does as He chooses, and of the truth of the prophethood of the one at whose hands these miracles occurred. Allah said:
(to Fir`awn and his chiefs.) meaning his leaders and prominent followers.
(Verily, they are the people who are rebellious.) means, who are disobedient towards Allah and who go against His commands and His religion.
قَالَ رَبِّ إِنِّى قَتَلْتُ مِنْهُمْ نَفْساً فَأَخَافُ أَن يَقْتُلُونِ
(33. He said: “My Lord! I have killed a man among them, and I fear that they will kill me.”)
 وَأَخِى هَـرُونُ هُوَ أَفْصَحُ مِنِّى لِسَاناً فَأَرْسِلْهِ مَعِىَ رِدْءاً يُصَدِّقُنِى إِنِّى أَخَافُ أَن يُكَذِّبُونِ
(34. “And my brother Harun — he is more eloquent in speech than me, so send him with me as a helper to confirm me. Verily, I fear that they will deny me.”)
 قَالَ سَنَشُدُّ عَضُدَكَ بِأَخِيكَ وَنَجْعَلُ لَكُمَا سُلْطَـناً فَلاَ يَصِلُونَ إِلَيْكُمَا بِـْايَـتِنَآ أَنتُمَا وَمَنِ اتَّبَعَكُمَا الْغَـلِبُونَ
(35. Allah said: “We will strengthen your arm through your brother, and give you both power, so they shall not be able to harm you, with Our Ayat; you two as well as those who follow you, will be the victors.”)
Surah 28 Al Qasas verse 33-35
Tafsir Ibn Kathir
When Allah commanded him to go to Fir`awn, the one who he had run away from and whose vengeance he feared,
( Musa said: My Lord! I have killed a man among them,) meaning, that Coptic,
(and I fear that they will kill me.) i.e., `when they see me.’
(And my brother Harun — he is more eloquent in speech than me,) Musa, peace be upon him, had a speech defect, because when he had been given the choice between a date and a pearl, he mistakenly picked up a coal and placed it on his tongue, so he found it difficult to speak clearly. Musa said:
(“And loose the knot (the defect) from my tongue. That they understand my speech. And appoint for me a helper from my family, Harun, my brother. Increase my strength with him, And let him share my task.”) (20:27-32) meaning, `give me someone to keep me company in this immense task of prophethood and conveying the Message to this arrogant, tyrannical and stubborn king. ‘ Hence Musa said:
(And my brother Harun — he is more eloquent in speech than me: so send him with me as a helper) meaning, as a support to give strength to my cause and confirm what I say and convey from Allah, because the word of two carries more weight in people’s minds than the word of one. So he said:
(Verily, I fear that they will deny me.) Muhammad bin Ishaq said:
(as a helper to confirm me.) means, `to explain to them what I say, for he can understand me where they may not.’ When Musa asked for this, Allah said to him:
(We will strengthen your arm through your brother,) meaning, `We will add strength to your cause and give you help through your brother, who you have asked to be made a Prophet alongside you.’ This is like the Ayat;
(You are granted your request, O Musa!) (20:36)
(And We granted him his brother Harun, (also) a Prophet, out of Our mercy) (19:53). One of the Salaf said, “There is no one who has ever done a greater favor to his brother than Musa did for Harun, may peace be upon them both, for he interceded for him until Allah made him a Prophet and Messenger with him to Fir`awn and his chiefs. Allah said concerning Musa:
(he was honorable before Allah) (33:69).
(and (We will) give you both power) means, overwhelming evidence.
(so they shall not be able to harm you, with Our Ayat;) means, `they will have no way or means of harming you because you are conveying the signs of Allah.’ This is like the Ayat:
(O Messenger! Proclaim (the Message) which has been sent down to you from your Lord.) until His saying:
(Allah will protect you from mankind) (5:67).
(Those who convey the Message of Allah) until His saying:
(And sufficient is Allah as a Reckoner) (33:39). And sufficient is Allah as a Helper and Supporter. And Allah told them the consequences in this world and the next, for them and for those who followed them,
(you two as well as those who follow you will be the victors.) This is like the Ayat:
(Allah has decreed: “Verily, it is I and My Messengers who shall be the victorious.” Verily, Allah is All-Powerful, All-Mighty.) (58:21)
(Verily, We will indeed make victorious Our Messengers and those who believe in this world’s life) (40:51) to the end of the Ayah.